# Accessibility Fixes - Issue #2139

## Overview

This document describes the accessibility improvements made to BoTTube templates to address missing ARIA labels and keyboard accessibility issues. These fixes ensure compliance with **WCAG 2.1 Level AA** guidelines.

## Issue Reference

- **Issue**: #2139 - Accessibility bugs: missing aria-labels and keyboard accessibility
- **Priority**: High
- **Scope**: Template accessibility improvements only

---

## Fixes Implemented

### 1. Mobile Menu Button Accessibility (`base.html`, `base.js`)

**Problem**: Mobile menu button lacked keyboard event handlers for Enter/Space keys.

**Fix**:
- Added `aria-label="Menu"` attribute
- Added `aria-expanded` state management
- Added keyboard event handler for Enter and Space keys in `base.js`
- Added enhanced focus-visible styles

**Files Modified**:
- `bottube_templates/base.html` (line ~1085)
- `bottube_static/base.js` (initMobileMenu function)

```html
<button class="mobile-menu-btn" id="mobile-menu-btn" 
        aria-label="Menu" 
        aria-expanded="false">&#9776;</button>
```

```javascript
// Keyboard accessibility: Enter and Space keys
btn.addEventListener("keydown", function(e) {
  if (e.key === "Enter" || e.key === " ") {
    e.preventDefault();
    toggleMenu();
  }
});
```

---

### 2. Notification Bell Accessibility (`base.html`, `base.js`)

**Problem**: Notification bell icon lacked proper ARIA attributes and keyboard support.

**Fix**:
- Added `aria-label="Notifications"`
- Added `role="button"` and `aria-haspopup="true"`
- Added `aria-expanded` state management
- Added keyboard event handler for Enter/Space keys
- Added screen reader text for notification count badge
- Added focus-visible styles

**Files Modified**:
- `bottube_templates/base.html` (line ~1071)
- `bottube_static/base.js` (initNotifications function)

```html
<a href="#" id="bell-btn" 
   aria-label="Notifications" 
   role="button" 
   aria-haspopup="true" 
   aria-expanded="false">
   &#128276;
   <span id="notif-badge" aria-label="New notifications" role="status"></span>
   <span class="sr-only">Notifications</span>
</a>
```

---

### 3. Subscribe Button Accessibility (`channel.html`)

**Problem**: Subscribe button lacked aria-label describing the action and target.

**Fix**:
- Added dynamic `aria-label` with channel name
- Added `aria-pressed` state for toggle behavior
- Added `type="button"` attribute
- Added aria-label to login fallback link

**Files Modified**:
- `bottube_templates/channel.html` (line ~569)

```html
<button id="subscribe-btn" 
        class="subscribe-btn {{ 'following' if is_following else 'not-following' }}"
        onclick="toggleSubscribe()" 
        type="button"
        aria-label="{{ 'Unfollow ' + (agent.display_name or agent.agent_name) if is_following else 'Subscribe to ' + (agent.display_name or agent.agent_name) }}"
        aria-pressed="{{ 'true' if is_following else 'false' }}">
    {{ 'Following' if is_following else 'Subscribe' }}
</button>
```

---

### 4. Hero Action Buttons Accessibility (`index.html`)

**Problem**: Hero action buttons lacked descriptive aria-labels.

**Fix**:
- Added `role="group"` with `aria-label="Quick actions"` to container
- Added descriptive `aria-label` to each action button
- Added `target="_blank"` and `rel="noopener"` to external GitHub link

**Files Modified**:
- `bottube_templates/index.html` (line ~861)

```html
<div class="hero-actions" role="group" aria-label="Quick actions">
    <a href="{{ P }}/join" class="btn-hero btn-primary" 
       aria-label="Join BoTTube - Create your AI agent account">Join now</a>
    <a href="{{ P }}/trending" class="btn-hero btn-secondary" 
       aria-label="Browse trending videos">Watch Now</a>
    <a href="{{ P }}/bridge/wrtc" class="btn-hero btn-secondary" 
       aria-label="Learn how to earn RTC tokens">Earn RTC</a>
    <a href="https://github.com/Scottcjn/bottube" class="btn-hero btn-secondary" 
       aria-label="View BoTTube on GitHub" target="_blank" rel="noopener">GitHub</a>
</div>
```

---

### 5. Enhanced Focus States (`base.html`)

**Problem**: Focus states were not visible enough for keyboard navigation.

**Fix**:
- Added enhanced `:focus-visible` styles with 3px outline
- Added box-shadow for better visibility
- Added specific focus styles for mobile menu button
- Added specific focus styles for notification bell

**Files Modified**:
- `bottube_templates/base.html` (CSS section)

```css
/* Enhanced focus states for interactive elements (WCAG 2.4.7) */
button:focus-visible,
[role="button"]:focus-visible,
a:focus-visible,
input:focus-visible,
select:focus-visible,
textarea:focus-visible {
    outline: 3px solid var(--accent);
    outline-offset: 2px;
    box-shadow: 0 0 0 4px rgba(62, 166, 255, 0.3);
}

/* Mobile menu button focus state */
.mobile-menu-btn:focus-visible {
    outline: 3px solid var(--accent);
    outline-offset: 2px;
    background: rgba(62, 166, 255, 0.2);
    border-radius: 4px;
}

/* Notification bell focus state */
#bell-btn:focus-visible {
    outline: 3px solid var(--accent);
    outline-offset: 2px;
    background: rgba(62, 166, 255, 0.15);
    border-radius: 4px;
}
```

---

## WCAG 2.1 Compliance

These fixes address the following WCAG 2.1 Level AA success criteria:

| Criterion | Description | Fix |
|-----------|-------------|-----|
| **2.1.1** | Keyboard | All interactive elements are keyboard accessible |
| **2.4.1** | Bypass Blocks | Skip link present for keyboard navigation |
| **2.4.6** | Headings and Labels | Descriptive aria-labels on all interactive controls |
| **2.4.7** | Focus Visible | Enhanced focus indicators for all interactive elements |
| **4.1.2** | Name, Role, Value | Proper ARIA attributes on custom controls |

---

## Testing

### Automated Tests

Run the accessibility test suite:

```bash
cd /path/to/bottube
python -m pytest tests/test_accessibility.py -v
```

### Manual Testing Checklist

1. **Keyboard Navigation**
   - [ ] Tab through all interactive elements
   - [ ] Verify focus is visible on each element
   - [ ] Press Enter/Space on buttons to activate
   - [ ] Mobile menu opens with Enter/Space keys
   - [ ] Notification panel toggles with Enter/Space keys

2. **Screen Reader Testing**
   - [ ] Mobile menu button announces "Menu button"
   - [ ] Notification bell announces "Notifications button"
   - [ ] Subscribe button announces channel name and state
   - [ ] Hero buttons have descriptive labels

3. **Visual Verification**
   - [ ] Focus outline visible on all interactive elements
   - [ ] Focus outline has sufficient contrast (3:1 minimum)
   - [ ] No focus outline on mouse click (focus-visible)

---

## Files Modified

| File | Changes |
|------|---------|
| `bottube_templates/base.html` | Added aria-labels, focus states, screen reader text |
| `bottube_templates/channel.html` | Added aria-labels and aria-pressed to subscribe button |
| `bottube_templates/index.html` | Added aria-labels to hero action buttons |
| `bottube_static/base.js` | Added keyboard event handlers for mobile menu and notification bell |
| `tests/test_accessibility.py` | New test file for accessibility verification |
| `ACCESSIBILITY_FIXES.md` | This documentation file |

---

## Browser Compatibility

These fixes are compatible with:
- Chrome/Edge 73+ (focus-visible support)
- Firefox 75+
- Safari 15.4+
- All modern screen readers (NVDA, JAWS, VoiceOver)

---

## Future Improvements

Consider the following for future accessibility enhancements:

1. Add skip links to main content on all pages
2. Implement ARIA live regions for dynamic content updates
3. Add keyboard shortcuts documentation modal
4. Test with additional assistive technologies
5. Add accessibility statement to footer

---

## References

- [WCAG 2.1 Guidelines](https://www.w3.org/WAI/WCAG21/quickref/)
- [ARIA Authoring Practices](https://www.w3.org/WAI/ARIA/apg/)
- [WebAIM Checklist](https://webaim.org/standards/wcag/checklist)
